Заседание Объединенного научного семинара № 13, 21.10.2026 г. в 15-00

ДОКЛАД

профессора университета Флориды, США.

Алабугина Игоря Владимировича 

«From Alkynes to Atomically Precise Carbon: Cascades, Counteranions, and Quantum Dots That Break the Rules»

Аннотация лекции: Alkynes are among the most energy-rich functional groups in organic chemistry, and every alkyne carbon can end up in an aromatic ring. This makes them ideal starting materials for the bottom-up synthesis of carbon nanostructures, provided their reactivity can be controlled. Our program uses stereoelectronic principles to do that: understanding which ring closures are favored and why, then designing cascades in which several alkynes fold into a polycyclic aromatic framework in a single operation.

I will begin with the guidelines for alkyne cyclizations that emerged from this work and show how radical and electrophilic cascades convert oligoalkynes into extended aromatics. The centerpiece of the lecture is a recent case in which the design was sound but the reagent was not. A triple 6-endo-dig iodocyclization failed with standard iodine electrophiles because their counteranions diverted the reaction through radical-ion pairs. Iodine nitrate, prepared in one step from ICl and AgNO₃, solved the problem and gave C₃-symmetric triiodotriphenylenes in four steps from simple precursors.

These hubs were extended into a homologous series of all-benzenoid graphene quantum dots with 36 to 126 carbons. Their properties run against expectations: non-radiative decay slows as the gap narrows, in violation of the energy gap law; the largest dot is the brightest; and it is also harder to oxidize than its smaller relative. I will close with what these observations suggest about the role of shape and topology in nanographene design.

И.В. Алабугин является заслуженным профессором (Distinguished Research Professor) в Университете Флориды, США. h-index: 72. http://www.chem.fsu.edu/~alabugin/